ICD 10 Code for Depression | Classifications and Coverage

What is the ICD-10?

ICD 10 code for depression falls in the F-series of diagnosis coding in the ICD manual proposed by WHO. The most commonly used diagnosis code for depression is F32.

ICD-10 is a medical coding system used to translate the diagnosis of diseases from words into the alphanumeric system that makes the data easy to store, retrieve and interpret. ICD is the International Classification of Diseases designed by the World Health Organization (WHO).

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The ICD-10 system also covers mental and behavioral disorders, including Depression, anxiety, etc. Professionals use this system to diagnose patients.

For Depression, the ICD-10 provides a set of signs and symptoms that indicate depression and its various shapes.

In ICD-10, the following depressive disorders are covered:

Manic episode
Mild depressive episode
Moderate depressive episode
Severe depressive episode
Recurrent depressive episode
Bipolar affective disorder
Mixed affective episode
Dysthymia
Cyclothymia
Recurrent brief depressive disorder
Postpartum Depression

Classification for Diagnosis of Depression

The classification for diagnosis of Depression started with the evolution of the Diagnostic Manual of Mental Disorders. The Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics of the American Psychiatric Association published this manual. Psychiatric syndromes were termed “disorders.”

These mental disorders were divided into two major groups:

Cognitive dysfunctions are related to the impairment of the brain.
Mental dysfunctions are associated with difficulty in adaptation and are secondary to psychiatric disorders.

How the ICD 10 System for Depression evolved:

The Manual of International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death was adopted by WHO in 1948. WHO added a section on mental disorders in the sixth edition of the International List of Causes of Death and renamed it the ICD-6 Injuries and Causes of Death.

WHO introduced more terms and new concepts in ICD-8 in 1965. After the international community of psychiatrists expressed dissatisfaction with the classification of mental disorders in ICD-8, the World Health Organization made further changes to the section on mental disorders, introduced a classification of mental disorders in ICD-9, and incorporated a glossary relating to mental disorders in the section.

The ICD-9 maintained the concept of neurosis and psychosis. The ICD-10 classification removed the difference between neurosis and psychosis, only retaining the term neurotic in the group of “neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders.”

Diagnosis Coding for Mental and Behavioral Disorders:

ICD 10 Code for Depression – Diagnosis Coding for Mental and Behavioral disorders:

The coding for mental and behavioral disorders is covered in the F00-F99 classification. The diagnosis codes that cover various types of Depression and use in medical coding and billing to fulfill the medical necessities are:

Coverage of ICD 10 Code for Depression

F30- Mania (single episode)

F30.0- Hypomania

F30.1- Mania without psychotic symptoms

F30.2- Mania with psychotic symptoms

F30.8- Other manic episodes

F30.9- Manic episodes, unspecified

F31- Bipolar affective disorder

F31.0- Bipolar affective disorder, currently hypomanic

F31.1- Bipolar affective disorder, currently manic without psychosis

F31.2- Bipolar affective disorder, currently manic with psychosis

F31.3- Bipolar affective disorder, currently mild or moderate Depression

F31.4- Bipolar affective disorder, currently severe Depression without psychosis

F31.5- Bipolar affective disorder, currently severe Depression with psychosis

F31.6- Bipolar affective disorder, currently mixed manic and depressive symptoms

F31.7- Bipolar affective disorder, currently in remission

F31.8- Other Bipolar disorders ( Bipolar II disorder, recurrent episodes of Mania)

F31.9- Bipolar affective disorder, unspecified

F32- Major Depressive Disorder, single episode

F32.0 Major Depressive Disorder, mild, single episode

F32.1- Major Depressive Disorder, moderate, single episode

F32.2- Major Depressive Disorder, severe without psychotic symptoms, single episode

F32.3- Major Depressive Disorder, severe with psychotic symptoms, single episode

F32.4- Major Depressive Disorder, partial remission, single episode

F32.5- Major Depressive Disorder, complete remission, single episode

F32.8- Other depressive episodes (Atypical Depression, single episode of masked Depression)

F32.9- Unspecified depressive episode

F33- Recurrent depressive disorder

F33.0- Recurrent Depressive Disorder, presently mild

F33.1- Recurrent Depressive Disorder, presently moderate

F33.2- Recurrent Depressive Disorder, presently severe without psychotic traits

F33.3- Recurrent Depressive Disorder, presently severe with psychotic traits

F33.4- Major Depressive Disorder, recurrent, in remission

F33.40- Major Depressive Disorder, recurrent, in remission, unspecified

F33.41- Major Depressive Disorder, recurrent, in partial remission

F33.42- Major Depressive Disorder, recurrent, in full remission

F33.8- Other recurrent depressive disorders

F33.9- Unspecified recurrent depressive disorders

F34- Persistent mood disorders

F34.0- Cyclothymia (persistently unstable mood with periods of Depression and mild elation)

F34.1- Dysthymia (chronic Depression lasting several years)

F34.8- Other persistent mood disorders

F34.9- Unspecified persistent mood disorders

F38- Other mood disorders

F38.0- Other single mood disorders

F38.1- Other recurrent mood disorders

F38.8- Other specified mood disorders

F39 Unspecified mood disorder (affective psychosis)

F53.0 Postpartum depression

ICD-10 Depression codes listed above are used for the following conditions

Manic episode:

It includes extreme mood swings with emotional highs and lows. Hypomania is the state of euphoria with high energy that is unusually irritable. Low energy is associated with Depression.

Depressive episode:

Mild
Moderate
Severe

ICD-10 covers some conditions related to Depression that a patient experiences most of the day on an almost regular basis. For example:

Set 1 (the most typical symptoms):

1-Depressed mood
2-Loss of interest in nearly all activities
3-Lethargy and loss of motivation

Set 2 (Other symptoms):

Loss of appetite
Disturbed sleep
Reduced self-esteem or self-confidence
Reduced concentration and attention

Hopelessness and pessimistic approach
Feelings of guilt and worthlessness
Psychomotor agitation or retardation
Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide

Somatic symptoms include:

Loss of interest in activities
Loss of pleasure
Lack of emotional reactivity
Depression at peaks in the morning

Loss of appetite
Significant weight loss
Psychomotor retardation or agitation
Disturbed or reduced sleep
Marked loss of libido

Diagnostic Assessment for Depression Frequently Asked Questions

How to assess mild depressive episodes?

At least two of the most typical and two other symptoms persisting with somatic symptoms for two weeks or more indicate mild Depression.

How to assess moderate depressive episodes?

Two of the most typical and at least three of the other symptoms persisting with somatic symptoms for two weeks or more indicate moderate Depression.

How to assess severe depressive episodes?

All three typical symptoms and at least four other symptoms with severe intensity persisting for two or more weeks indicate severe Depression.

How to assess recurrent depressive disorder?

Reoccurring and repeated episodes of Depression characterize this disorder. There is no history of independent mood elevation. However, a brief bout of hypomania accompanying a depressive episode can occur. The first episode can occur at any age, and the onset may be insidious or acute. The duration of the episode varies from a few days to several months.

How to assess bipolar affective disorder?

Two or more episodes of disturbed mood and activities, with some occasions of increased energy and elevated mood and others of Depression and low energy, characterize this disorder. Repeated episodes of Mania and hypomania only classify the bipolar disorder.

Dysthymia:

Dysthymia is a chronic disorder. The Depression of mood lasts several years, but it is not sufficiently severe, or the individual episodes are not prolonged enough to diagnose it as recurrent depressive disorder.

The symptoms may include:

1. Depression for most of the day for almost two years.

2. At least three of the following symptoms:

3. Loss of interest in all activities

4. Persistent Lethargy or low energy

5. Sleep disturbance

6. Indecisiveness

7. Low self-esteem

8. Hopelessness

9. Tearful ness

10. Social isolation

11. Irresponsibility

12. Less talking

13. Pessimism about the future

Cyclothymia:

Cyclothymia refers to the persistently unstable mood accompanied by several periods of Depression and euphoria, but the periods are not long enough to diagnose it as bipolar disorder. The relatives of patients with bipolar disorder often develop cyclothymia which may turn into bipolar disorder eventually.

Postpartum Depression:

Postpartum Depression is the Depression that a mother undergoes after delivering a baby. Symptoms of Depression resemble those of a depressive episode, and their onset occurs up to four weeks after the delivery. Some parents report a lack of attachment with the baby or the partner, but ICD-10 does not cover these symptoms.

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